Gull bladder
Symptoms of Gall Bladder: The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that stores about 50 ml of bile until the body needs it for digestion. The gallbladder is about 7-10 cm long in humans and appears darkgreen because of its contents (bile), rather than its tissue. It is connected to the liver and the duodenum by the biliary tract. Gall bladder symptoms are generally related to cholelithiasis (gall stones), cholecystitis (infection of the gall bladder and ducts), cholangitis (inflammation or infection of the hepatic or common bile ducts). The gall bladder symptoms associated with these conditions are often associated with pain the right upper abdomen. When infection occurs, fever can develop. Because the ducts are involved in draining bile from the liver, blockage of these ducts leads to jaundice (yellow discoloration of the skin due to increased bilirubin). Often gall bladder symptoms associated with jaundice can include abdominal pain, dark discoloration of the urine, light colored stools, and pruritis (itching).
Gall Bladder Stone Attack: A main symptom of gallstones is commonly referred to as a gallstone "attack", in which a person will experience intense pain in the upper abdominal region that steadily increases for approximately thirty minutes to several hours. A victim may also encounter pain in the back, ordinarily between the shoulder blades, or pain under the right shoulder. In some cases, the pain develops in the lower region of the stomach, nearer to the pelvis, but this is less common. Nausea and vomiting may occur. These attacks are intensely painful, similar to that of a kidneystone attack. One way to alleviate the abdominal pain is to drink a full glass of water at the start of an attack to regulate the bile in the gallbladder, but this does not work in all cases. Another way is to take magnesium followed by a bitter liquid such as coffee or swedish bitters an hour later. Other symptoms include abdominal bloating, intolerance of fatty foods, belching, gas, and indigestion.
Gall Bladder Diseases: Cholestasis is one of the gall bladder diseases. It is the blockage in the supply of bile into the digestive tract. It can be "intrahepatic" (the obstruction is in the liver) or "extrahepatic" (outside the liver). It can lead to jaundice, and is identified by the presence of elevated bilirubin level that is mainly conjugated. Biliary colic is when a gallstone blocks either the common bile duct or the duct leading into it from the gallbladder. Cancer of the gallbladder is a rare but highly fatal disease. It has been associated with gallstone disease, estrogens, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and obesity. Despite aggressive modern surgical approaches, advanced imaging techniques, and endoscopy, nearly 90% of patients die from advanced stages of the disease and experience pain, jaundice, weight loss, and ascites. Polyps (growths) are sometimes detected during diagnostic tests for gallbladder disease. Small gallbladder polyps (up to 10 mm) pose little or no risk, but large ones (greater than 15 mm) pose some risk for cancer, so the gallbladder should be removed.
Gall Bladder Stones: Gall Bladder Stones (choleliths) are crystalline bodies formed within the body by accretion or concretion of normal or abnormal bile components. Cholesterol stones are usually green, but are sometimes white or yellow in color and account for about 80 percent of gallstones. They are made primarily of cholesterol. Gallstones' size varies and may be as small as a sand grain or as large as a golf ball. The gallbladder may develop a single, often large, stone or many smaller ones, even several thousand.
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